Passive Voice adalah salah satu topik grammar yang paling sering muncul dalam tes bahasa Inggris BUMN. Namun, banyak peserta yang masih bingung dengan rumus dan penggunaannya. Mereka sering tertukar antara kalimat aktif dan pasif, atau salah menggunakan tenses dalam passive voice. Akibatnya, mereka kehilangan banyak poin pada soal-soal yang sebenarnya cukup mudah.
Padahal, passive voice sebenarnya memiliki rumus yang sangat sederhana. Jika Anda memahami rumus dasarnya dan sering berlatih, Anda bisa menjawab soal passive voice dengan mudah. Artikel ini akan membahas rumus passive voice, contoh-contoh, dan 5 soal yang sering bikin peserta bingung, lengkap dengan pembahasan.
Rumus Passive Voice
Rumus Dasar: Subject + to be (is/am/are/was/were/been) + V3 (Past Participle)
Catatan: “To be” harus disesuaikan dengan tense kalimat.
| Tense | Rumus Aktif | Rumus Pasif |
|---|---|---|
| Simple Present | S + V1 | S + is/am/are + V3 |
| Simple Past | S + V2 | S + was/were + V3 |
| Present Perfect | S + have/has + V3 | S + have/has + been + V3 |
| Future Tense | S + will + V1 | S + will + be + V3 |
Contoh Kalimat Aktif dan Pasif
| No | Kalimat Aktif | Kalimat Pasif |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The team submits the report. | The report is submitted by the team. |
| 2 | The team submitted the report. | The report was submitted by the team. |
| 3 | The team has submitted the report. | The report has been submitted by the team. |
| 4 | The team will submit the report. | The report will be submitted by the team. |
5 Soal Passive Voice yang Sering Bikin Peserta Bingung
Soal 1: Passive Voice – Simple Present
Pertanyaan: “The letter _ by the secretary every day.”
A. Is written (Jawaban)
B. Was written
C. Will be written
D. Has been written
Pembahasan:
Kata kunci “every day” menunjukkan kebiasaan di masa sekarang. Gunakan Simple Present Passive: is/am/are + V3. Subjek “letter” tunggal → is written.
Soal 2: Passive Voice – Simple Past
Pertanyaan: “The report _ by the team yesterday.”
A. Is submitted
B. Was submitted (Jawaban)
C. Will be submitted
D. Has been submitted
Pembahasan:
Kata kunci “yesterday” menunjukkan masa lalu. Gunakan Simple Past Passive: was/were + V3. Subjek “report” tunggal → was submitted.
Soal 3: Passive Voice – Present Perfect
Pertanyaan: “The project _ by the team since last month.”
A. Is completed
B. Was completed
C. Has been completed (Jawaban)
D. Will be completed
Pembahasan:
Kata kunci “since last month” menunjukkan aksi dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlanjut. Gunakan Present Perfect Passive: have/has + been + V3. Subjek “project” tunggal → has been completed.
Soal 4: Passive Voice – Future Tense
Pertanyaan: “The decision _ by the board tomorrow.”
A. Is made
B. Was made
C. Has been made
D. Will be made (Jawaban)
Pembahasan:
Kata kunci “tomorrow” menunjukkan masa depan. Gunakan Future Passive: will + be + V3 → will be made.
Soal 5: Passive Voice dengan “By”
Pertanyaan: “The cake _ by my mother.”
A. Is baked
